• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    A simple statement of what the invention pertains to
    公开号:SE1630240A1
    申请号:SE1630240
    申请日:2016-10-08
    公开日:2017-04-09
    发明作者:Pettersson Joakim
    申请人:Joakim Pettersson Med Firma Quflow；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [1] [0001] The present invention relates to user°s need of sound, silcence and air inlocale With controlled ventilation or forced air circulation. It improves both theenergy efficiency, frequency range, audio fidelity and usability compared to traditionalloudspeaker, active noice cancellation and ventilation control systems.
    [2] [0002] Pesent art ventilation control systems, particularly in modern energy-efficientbuildings, are designed to be highly efficient air movers but are inherently noisy anddifficult to tune to user”s actual need of air. This leads to installments With eitherlarge dimension both in pipings, fans, sound blockers, sound absorbents and air dif-fusors, or a persistent noise that is often peaking in the 10-100 Hz range. Activenoice cancellation using low-cost speakers does not cover this range. Also, the aircirculation does not follow the user s need but is to a large extent Wasted in emptyareas. Together, this lead to unhealth and large environmental impact per person,particularly in large locale.
    [3] [0003] Present art loudspeakers are designed to be highly linear air vibrators, buthave several inherent limitations:1. Limited frequency range per vibrating membrane, leading to complex speakerconstructions and arrangements that intrude on the living area.
    [4] [0004] This means the user need of sound and silence is always compromised,particularly in large locale. Frequences below ~100 Hz for example, can be droppedcompletely Which adds a sensation of “boxiness”. That frequency content can alsobe bundled together into a single speaker cabinet resonance adding “rumble”. It canalso artificially be shifted into higher harmonics adding “tension” to the sound.
    [5] [0005] Another example is that sound reproduction in the middle to high hearingfrequencies changes dramatically depending on position due to phase shift betweenmembranes as well as room resonances.
    [6] [0006] What is needed is a better means of delivering air, sound and silence to theuser, and to achieve this without cluttering the locale with bulky installments.
    [7] [0007] The object of this invention is to deliver controlled air, improved sound andcomplete silence efficiently and invisibly to the user.
    [8] [0008] ln order to overcome the problems with bulky and noisy ventilation systemsthat wastes air on empty spaces, we do the following:l. Employ noise and presence detection by measuring sound both from inside theventilation and from the user s mobile device.2. Feeding a combined air and noise cancellation signal to a membrane valve thatwe make linear from 0 to ~200 Hz frequency.3. Cancel frequences above ~200 Hz using the same cancellation signal, by an airvibration action from the same membrane.
    [9] [0009] This membrane valve replaces the normal vent(s) of the locale, making iteasy to install, invisible to the occupants, and can be made self-powered by using animpeller hidden in the valve. Both the noise and unwanted air is hereby cancelledout - the former at the user”s location and the latter at empty areas. Fresh air andcomplete silcence follows the user and the ventilation system can be made smaller.
    [10] [0010] ln order to improve on the problems with frequency-limited, complex,disharmonic, unstable, ineíJficient and intruding loudspeaker systems, we use the silentvent above [0008] We do the following:l. Add a wanted sound signal to the noice cancelling - turning the vent valve itinto a calibrated, deep-frequency and noise-free speaker.
    [11] [0011] The valve membrane Will vibrate air in front of it like a normal loudspeakerat typical loudspeaker frequencies, and simulataneously modulate the air flow forgeneration of sound at lower frequences. That low-frequency sound pressure is onlylimited by the capacity of the ventilation system, which for most locale is > 120dB. Typical installations can have a flat ~80 dB frequency response in the full soundfrequency range 10 Hz to 20 kHz (including both body motion sensing and hearing)using only two motors coaXially mounted in the valve: One outer motor that drivesa valve membrane from DC to ~ 2 kHz and one motor that drives a front tweetermembrane between ~2 kHz and 20 kHz. A method for driving both these membranesusing a singe motor is also described but has not yet been tested.
    [12] [0012] For a more complete understanding of the invention, reference is made tothe following description and accompanying drawings, in which:SE 1630240-8
    [13] [0013] FIG. 1 Details of a speaker valve;
    [14] [0014] FIG. 2 Main parts in an entry Vent speaker;
    [15] [0015] FIG. 3 Main parts in an exit Vent speaker;
    [16] [0016] FIG. 4 A pressurized duct or cavity Vith entry and exit Valve speakers;
    [17] [0017] FIG. 5 Entry Vent speaker using rear-facing passive bass reflex membrane;
    [18] [0018] FIG. 6 Exit vent speaker using forWard-facing passive bass reflex membrane;
    [19] [0019] FIG. 7 Entry vent speaker using speaker surround;
    [20] [0020] FIG. 8 Entry vent speaker using diffusor-shaped passive bass reflex mem-brane;
    [21] [0021] FIG. 9 Vent control system;
    [22] [0022] FIG. 10 Vent feedback method;
    [23] [0023] FIG. 11 On-off control of entry and exit valves at 20 Hz for an 12/hr airexchange rate;
    [24] [0024] FIG. 12 Gosinusoidal control of entry and exit valves at 20 Hz for an 12 /hrair exchange rate;
    [25] [0025] FIG. 13 Typical total-energy-optimized cross-over filters and resulting mem-brane motion (excursion) for standard n and dB requirements for a living room (5/hr,80 dB), restaurant (12/hr, 70 dB) and library (ll/hr, 50 dB).;
    [26] [0026] FIG. 14 Geometry, coordinates and streamlines for a cross section of thefloW between membrane and Wall;SE 1630240-8
    [27] [0027] FIG. 15 Optimized wall shape and resulting valve action; and
    [28] [0028] FIG. 16 Result of feedback control algorithm zp() on noice cancellation andsound generation.
    [29] [0029] The arrangement in FIG. 1 shows the inner workings of an air valve capa-ble of cancelling or generating audible as well as infra-sound at high efficiency. ltshows a duct wall [1] with inlet [2] and outlet [3] ends, and a leight-weight mem-brane [4] for controlling the flow of a fluid [5] such as air. When the membraneis moved closer, further from or vibrating towards the wall, there is a closing ac-tion [6], opening action [7] or vibrating action [8], respectively, of the fluid flow.This flow action is made laminar and linear to the membrane position, as describedlater. A membrane actuator [9] such as a voice-coil, magnet and spider suspensionarrangement is required. lt must be capable of rapid and precise positioning of theleightweight membrane from DC to audible frequencies. Somewhere connected toeither end of the duct, a compressor means [10] is also required for generating agenerally constant absolute pressure on that end of the duct. The pressure actingon membrane [11] adds tension that pushes breakup modes to higher frequency andlower amplitude, which therefore makes the membrane a better acoustic element.
    [30] [0030] The arrangements in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 shows exemplary arrangements ofa preferred embodiment for noise-free inlet air to a room and outlet air from a room,respectively. In FIG. 2, one sees a vent tube [17] with a preferable expansion of theinner wall in the air flow direction. A speaker [16] assembly with its membrane in apreferable orientation against the air flow is held by a frame [15] so that the speakermembrane edge is centered in the tube [17] expansion. Air flow is designed to belinear with the membrane position as described later. The membrane motion cancancel incoming pressure Variations very efficiently and also quickly control the staticpressure and air exchange rate in the room. An optional fan [18] assembly is usedfor energy harvesting and pressure boosting. In FIG. 3 the frame [15] functions asdecoration and dust filter for the speaker [16] assembly which in this case is held bya hidden grip inside the tube [17].
    [31] [0031] The arrangement in FIG. 4 shows similarly exemplary arrangements of pre-ferred embodiments for stand-alone noice cancellation (claim 2) and sound generation(claim 3) using one or more pressurized duct or cavity. The stand-alone unit can befor example an air Conditioner, a Vacuum cleaner, an air purifier/dryer/humidifier,a wall or speaker cabinet, or a duct between two far ends of an arena. It can useSE 1630240-8any volume large enough to accomodate a substantial amount of pressurized air, orany duct with ends farther apart than the longest wavelength of sound to be con-trolled, as described later. The Suction speaker [19] controls air passing througha preferaby centrifugal and/ or forward-bent fan [18] (claim 4) Which pressurizes aduct or cavity [20]. A pressure speaker [21] controls air release from the duct orcavity [20
    [32] [0032] The arrangements in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 shows similarly exemplary ar-rangements of preferred embodiments for full-spectrum sound generation in a room- the former for inlet air and the latter for outlet air. The frame [15] holds aspeaker [16] assembly containing a front-firing speaker and a rear passive bass reflexmembrane that protrudes into the tube [17] expansion. Back pressure variations inthe speaker [16] box result in hydraulic motion of the protruding membrane. Thislow-frequency motion changes the air flow aperture and the resulting room pressure,resulting in low-frequency sound at high amplitude as described later. The designrequirements are summarized in claim 7.
    [33] [0033] The arrangements in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 shows similarly alternative ar-rangements for sound generation from incoming air into a room - the former forlower frequency ventilation and noise control, and the latter for full-spectrum sound.
    [34] [0034] The system in FIG. 9 and method in FIG. 10 illustrates auxiliary devices,electronics, signal processing and applications needed for precise control of air flow,SE 1630240-8noise cancellation, and full-spectrum sound in a room according to the present in-vention. In FIG. 9 which is used in claim 9, the system [22] contains one or morespeaker [16] that is wirelessly connected to one or more mobile device [23]. Thelatter is used to control the ventilation, noice cancellation and sound generation byits presence (claim 10), position and gestures (claim 11). In FIG. 10 which is usedin claim 12, the air control method [24] uses one or more ventilation and soundgeneration method [25] such as the one described above in concert with a ventilationand sound signal transmission method [26] that maintains a calibration for both anair flow model as described later, a noise model (claim 14) and a sound generatormodel (claim 13) in the mobile device. The result is finer-tuned control of both theventilation, noice cancellation and sound generation, as described later.
    [36] [0036] For narrow inlet vent designs such as those in high-pressure diffusors withlong throw, claim 6 describes an alternative. In FIG. 1, the two air swirls [ 14] neededfor noise-free high-frequency operation are typically rather small and unstable, andcan therefore be limited in capacity, but here that is not a limitation since bothssides of the membrane take part in a large 8-shaped swirl that is (in a state-of-the-art long-throw diffusor) laminar and stable by design.
    [37] [0037] Installation of sound- and air-managing vents into an existing ventilationsystem offers excellent scalability since the performance depends on known air ex-change rates rather than varying room sizes, as detailed in claim 8. However, ifSE 1630240-8the rich bass sound generation capability is used in one such vent, that bass soundspreads to all other vents in the same channel. Therefore silence needs to be takencare of first: A bass-generating vent may require all other Vents connected to thesame channel to use noice cancelling (claim 2).
    [39] [0039] ln order to keep the frequency response flat, the membrane position needsto follow a low-pass filtered derivative of the signal multiplied by f/ n, combined witha high-pass filtered raw signal (the desired sound). The upper frequency f_upper =n/{sqrt(2)*2*n*°p.0}*°bar/°hr*10^{-dB/20} for valve-generated sound is in the range80-2000 Hz depending on sound pressure requirements and available air flow. Typicaltotal-energy-optimized cross-over filters and resulting membrane motion (excursion)is shown in FIG. 13 for standard n and sound pressure requirements for a living room(ö/hr, 80 dB), restaurant (iQ/hr, 70 dB) and library (Ål/hr, 50 dB). Note in FIG. 13the very small and power-efficient excursions at lower frequences, when the soundpressure is generated by modulating large flows from efficient fans rather than bypushing just the small volumes of air in front of the membranes.
    [42] [0042] The Wall shape R(z) should have the following properties:(1) R(-x.mech)ED.m/2+tol - Valve is as closed as possible Without (tol) risk offriction When membrane is in its most upstream position.(2) R(+x.mech)šD.p / 2 - Valve is as open as possible When membrane is in its mostdownstream position.11SE 1630240-8(3) diff(R(-x.mech),z)š0 - Entry Wall connects to an axial floW.(4) diff(R(X.mech),z)E0 - Exit Wall connects to an aXíal flow.(5) for(z,range(-X.mech,X.mech),diff(A(z),z)20) - Valve opens in the doWnstreamdirection.(6) for(z,range(-x.max,x.max),diff(A(z),z,2)š0) - Minimum floW cross section A islinear With membrane position.
    [43] [0043] The cross section A(z) in (6) has the shape of a cut cone from an upstreamposition zW < z Where the Valve Wall is perpendícular to a membrane edge at z. Thegeometry, coordinates and streamlines are sketched in FIG. 14. From the coordinatesin the marked triangle [37] We get:(7) {z-zW}/{R(zW)-D.m/2}Etan(19)Ediff(R(zW),z)(8) S^2š(z-zW)^2-i-(R(zW)-D.m/2)^2From (7, 8) We obtain mappings from zW to z and A:(9) zW2z(zW):zW+(R(zW)-D.m/2)*díff(R(zW),z)(10) zW2A(zW):n*(R(zW)+D.m/2)*sqrt(((R(zW)-D.m/2)*diff(R(zW),z)) 2+(R(zW)-D.m/2)^2)
    [44] [0044] There is no exact mapping from z to A. We used a finite difference grid forzW Where the properties can be calculated. An optimized Wall shape and resultingValve action ís shoWn in FIG. 15.
    [47] [0047] Excursíon needed for cancellíng noise in input and output pípes and gener-atíng sound:zp(n,dB.í,dB.o,dB,m.í,m.o,f):13- audio(t)zsin(2*n*f*t)- audíol(t):díff((audío(t)),t)- f.c:eVa1(fbo0m(n,dB.max_push))ÛÉ- t:range(0,(I-1)*dt,dt)- for(i,range(1,I)- - e1(p.i,i):eva1(°p.0*10^{dB.í/20}*audio(e1(t,i)))- - e1(p.0,í)zevalfpfl*10^{dB.0/20}*audi0(e1(t,i)))- - e1(p,í):eva1(”p.0*10 {dB/20}*audí0(e1(t,í)))- el N,l :NO- e1iz.í,l izflmmm- el(z.o,l)z()*”mm,dzl*”pm- for(i,range(1,I-1)- - e(d.i,d.0):eva1(7kT*({e1(N,i)-i-N1(- - - {e1(p.í,i)+e1(p.i,i+1)}/2,- - - {e1(p.o,i)+e1(p.o,í+1)}/2,- - - {el(p,í)+el(p,í+l)}/2,SE 1630240-8SE 1630240-8- - - e1(z.i,í)+d.í/2,- - - )*dt}/{V.Û+AV(e1(z.í,í)+d.í,e1(z.o,í)+d.o)}-N.0/V.O)-e1(p,í+l)- - de_dí:{e(d,0)-e(-d,0)}/{2*d}- - de_d0:{e(0,d)-e(0,-d)}/{2*d}- - e1(z.í,í+1):e1(z.í,i)-(- - - - e(0,0)*de_di/{de_dí^2+de_d0^2íÉ- - - if de_d07É0_ _ _ _ e(o,o)*de_<1o/{de_di 2+de_<10 2}_ _ _ _ 0)_ _ @1- - e1(p,í+1)zevalfkT*(eKN,i+1)/{V.0+AV(e1(z.í,í-1-1),e1(z.0,í+1))}-N.0/V.0))- augmentfi/”mgzí/Xlnax),augment(t/”msßo/Xlnax) ßugment(t/”ms,p/p.max_push)SE 1630240-8
    [48] [0048] The result of feedback control of noice cancellation and sound generationusing the algorithm above for some typical and extreme noise and sound signals areplotted in FIG. 16.
    [49] [0049] lt Will thus be seen that the objects set forth above, among those madeapparent from the preceding description, are efficiently attained and, because certainchanges may be made in carrying out the above method and in the construction(s)set forth Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, it is intendedthat all matter contained in the above description and shown in the accompanyingdrawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
    [50] [0050] lt is also to be understood that the following claims are intended to cover allof the generic and specific features of the invention herein described and all statementsof the scope of the invention Which, as a matter of language, might be said to falltherebetWeen.16
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1] 1. A valve speaker (FIG. 1); comprising; a duct wall [1] having an inlet [2] and an outlet [3], and a membrane [4] for controlling the flow of a fluid [5] in conjunction, wherein said membrane having a closing action [6], wherein said membrane [4] abutting said duct wall [1]; such that the fluid [5] between said duct wall [1] and said membrane [4] is decreased; an opening action [7],wherein said duct wall [1] having an aperture between said membrane [4] and said duct wall [1]; such that the fluid flow between said duct wall and said membrane [4] is increased, and, a vibrating action [8] between said closingaction and said opening action; wherein said membrane [4] is configured fora laminar flow that is linear to the position of said membrane for generationof sound; and; an actuator [9] for moving said membrane with respect to said duct wall; and a Compressor means [10], preferably for generating a constant pressure in said inlet or said outlet; wherein said membrane is enclosed by said duct wall or said duct wall is enclosed by said membrane; preferably said membrane is light-weight; preferably said air flow stabilizes the shape of said membrane; preferably said air flow creating an air pillow [12] that counteracts side-movements of said membrane; preferably said motion of said membrane isvertical; preferably the edge of said membrane is in general perpendicular to the transferred flow [13]; with substantial and laminar air swirls [14] on each side of the membrane.
    [2] 2. Valve speaker according to claim claim 1; wherein said membrane is configured to move out of phase with an existing variation in said fluid flow.
    [3] 3. Valve speaker according to claim claim 8; wherein said membrane is configured to move in phase with a desired variation in said fluid flow. 17 SE 1630240-8 . Valve speaker according to claim claim 1, wherein said membrane having said opening action towards said outlet; preferably wherein said compressor com- prises rotor blades having an increasing angle with respect to said fluid flow. . Valve speaker according to claim claim 1, wherein said Compressor comprises rotor blades having a decreasing angle with respect to said fluid flow; and said membrane having said closing action towards said outlet; preferably said closing action is primarily flat; preferably said valve speaker is a percussion instrument,or said actuator is hand- or drumstick-operated, or said actuator is foot-pedal operated. . Valve speaker according to claim 1, wherein said fluid flow enters an edge of said membrane; preferably said actuator is piezoelectric; preferably said membrane constitutes a slot opening in said duct wall. . Valve speaker according to claim 1, wherein said membrane comprises a prefer- ably fleXible connection to said actuator; and said membrane has a certain weight; preferably said connection is a compressible fluid; preferably said actu- ator is the main speaker element of a closed loudspeaker box and said membrane also constitutes its passive bass reflex element. . Valve speaker according to claim 1, where said compressor is a ventilation or air conditioning means, preferably said fluid flow changes the air in the room 5-20 times per hour during occupancy; preferably said fluid flow variation during said vibration reaches at most 50-80% on average of said fluid flow; preferably said valve is part of a flow-regulated ventilation system. . Valve speaker system FIG. 9, comprising; one or more [16] according to claim 1 to claim 8; a [23] provided by a user; wherein movement of said [23] by said 18 SE 1630240-8 user controlling a mode of one or all of said one or more [16] 10. 11. Valve speaker according to claim claim 9, wherein said mode is activating or deactivating said llöl; preferably said movement changes the distance of said user to said 16 . Valve speaker according to claim claim 10, wherein said movement of said mobile device by said user comprises: a. a lift motion, wherein said mode is enabling a sound settings adjustment; or b. a lowering motion, wherein said mode is disabling a sound settings adjust- ment, or c. a motion towards one of said one or more valve speaker, wherein said mode is increasing the audio volume or reducing the audio volume or increasing the audio channel separation of said one of said one or more valve speaker; or d. a motion from one of said one or more valve speaker, wherein said mode isdecreasing the audio volume or increasing the audio volume or decreasing the audio channel separation of said one of said one or more valve speaker; or e. a vertical circle or vertical ellipse motion towards one of said one or more valve speaker, wherein said mode is increasing or decreasing the audio volume of said one of said one or more valve speaker; or f. a horizontal ellipse motion towards one of said one or more valve speaker, wherein said mode is increasing or decreasing the audio channel separation of said valve speaker; or g. a horizontal circle motion, wherein said mode is raising or lowering the audio volume of all of said one or more valve speaker. h. a lift-and-lowering motion, wherein said mode is switching on the audio volume of all of said one or more valve speaker. 19 12. 13. SE 1630240-8 i. a loWering-and-lift motion, Wherein said mode is sWitching off the audio volume of all of said one or more valve speaker. A method FIG. 10 for transmission of sound, comprising; transmitting a sound from a valve speaker according to claims claim 1 to claim 8 to a mobile device having microphone means; l l transmitting a desired sound signal over at least one communication channel from said mobile device to said actuator; preferably Wherein said at least one communication channel are chosen from the group Bluetooth, WiFi or UWB; preferably amplitude and / or delay in said sound in said microphone from said valve speaker, and/or signal amplitude and/or signal delay in said at least one communication channel, is used to track movement and/ or magnitude of movement and / or position of at least one sai user. Method according to claim claim 12, comprising; compensating said sound from said valve speaker by the spectral and/ or temporal and/ or air-floW dependency of said sound from said valve speaker in said microphone; preferably the fre- quency response of said microphone is flat to < 0.1 dB in the range 10 Hz 20 kHz. 14. Method according to claim claim 13, comprising; counter-acting remaining un- Wanted sound in said microphone by generating out-of-phase said unWanted sound from said valve speaker at said microphone; Wherein said counter-acting round-trip is faster than the variations in said unWanted sound or faster than the Variations in a model of said unWanted sound; preferably said round-trip is 2-50 ms.
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1530114|2015-10-08|
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